‫Now we come to the quadrature amplitude modulation and in the quadrature amplitude, more relation,
‫we're not only very deep features, but we also very deep amplitude, for example, for this symbol.
‫We have this amplitude and we have this phase.
‫And for this symbol, we have this amplitude and we have this phase.
‫So we are varying amplitude as well as the phase.
‫Now, how do we generate these m kwam modulation in order to generate the M modulation we can generated
‫using to and the root M ESG signals, for example, in order to generate the sixteen KWAM signal, we
‫would need to for escape signals.
‫The.
‫First, fortius signal is this is a signal which is along the eye axis are cause of a megacity.
‫And the second for eskies signal is this is a signal that is along the cue axis.
‫And using these four eskies signals, we can generate any symbol of the 16 kwam modulation.
‫And since there are 16 symbols so we can send for beats per symbol and the first two bits, they belong
‫to the ISIS signal.
‫And the next two bits belong to the U.
‫ESV signal.
‫And the encoding of these bits into the ESG levels is done using these cables, for example, in case
‫of this symbol.
‫And for the first two bits, zero zero would be map to the minus three.
‫So zero zero is map to minus three here.
‫And the second two bits.
‫Zero zero.
‫Dear map two three.
‫So zero zero.
‫Here is map two three.
‫As a result, we get this symbol of the sixteen gram modulation.
‫Similarly for this symbol, the first two bits are zero one.
‫And these are ibex that they would be map to minus one.
‫And the next Berke's zero zero, they would be map two three.
‫So we would get this symbol in this way we can generate all the 16 symbols in the 16 kwam modulation.